The solar water heating system is equipped with essential components to ensure efficient performance and safety. An air vent valve automatically removes trapped air, promoting smooth circulation. The U-tube heat exchanger transfers heat from the solar fluid to the water, while the magnesium anode protects the tank from internal corrosion. A temperature and pressure relief valve safeguards the system from excessive heat or pressure buildup. The expansion vessel manages pressure fluctuations, and the circulation pump maintains consistent fluid movement. Additional features like the solar sensor, isolating valve, and backup heating element ensure reliable operation and continuous hot water supply, even during low solar activity.